• 专利附录
  • 专利说明
  • 权利要求
  • 类似技术
  • 同族专利
  • 引用文献
  • 法律状态
  • 优先权
    • 专利摘要:
    A machining assembly includes a single machining unit, a plurality of multiple heads, a cross transfer device for changing the heads by moving them transversely relative to the machining unit, and means for recirculating the heads from the discharge end section of the cross transfer to the feed end section, the end sections being tiltable about a horizontal axis from a vertical position to a horizontal position so that the heads may be used with their spindles horizontal but are moved along the circulation conveyor with their spindles vertical, wherein each of said end sections ensures, in its vertical position, the direct cross transfer of the heads without intermediate movement from or towards the machining unit and, in its horizontal position, the horizontal transfer of the heads in the direction perpendicular to the axis of tilt.
    公开号:SU772473A3
    申请号:SU772518553
    申请日:1977-09-02
    公开日:1980-10-15
    发明作者:Легюи Бернар；Марсель Жорж；Виньо Жан-Пьер
    申请人:Режи Насьональ Дез Юзин Рено (Фирма)；
    IPC主号:
    专利说明:

    The invention relates to the field of automation in machine tools, in particular, to a metal cutting machine with a device for automatically changing multi-spindle heads.
    A metal-cutting machine with a device for automatically changing multi-spindle heads is known, comprising a closed tool magazine with a mechanism moving the head and head tilters located on both sides of the headstock [1J.
    However, in the known machine, the design of the mechanism for moving the spindle heads is complicated.
    In order to simplify the design of the mechanism for moving the spindle heads in the machine, the headstock and channel · 20 are equipped with guide rollers for the heads, the mechanism for moving the heads is made in the form of two leads attached to the rod of the power cylinder, and on the sides 25 of each multi-spindle head at the level of the guide rollers tilters and headstock fixed staples with a slot under the leash of the movement mechanism.
    In addition, the guide rollers on the headstock are mounted on eccentric axes with the possibility of movement relative to the axis of the headstock in the plane of movement of the multi-spindle heads.
    In FIG. 1 shows the proposed cutting machine, a perspective view with the movement of the headstock in one horizontal direction; in FIG. 2 - vertical section of the machine on a multi-spindle head and headstock; in FIG. 3 - schematically shows a machine on which the position is shown. Bracket of multi-spindle heads and leads of the movement mechanism, front view; in FIG. 4 is a vertical section through a closed magazine for moving heads; in FIG. 5 - metal-cutting machine with the possibility of horizontal and vertical displacement of the headstock with its positioning or without positioning (embodiment); in FIG. 6 - metal cutting machine with the ability to move in three directions (in two horizontal and one vertical) headstock; Fig.7 - a device for fixing parts associated with the machine.
    When the vertical position is set, the spindle head can be moved to the right direction. The proposed machine (see Fig. 1) contains a headstock 1 with a drive 2 of rotation of the spindle 3 and a closed tool magazine 4 with guides for moving the multi-spindle heads 5. The heads 5 are moved from the side their feed by the tilter 6 in the direction of unloading to the tilter 7 in the direction shown by arrow 8. The headstock 1 is shown in the extreme position with a shift back to the maximum distance, in which its front side 9 is in the same vertical plane as the front sides 10 and 11 of the tilters 6 and 7 at their position.
    From these cans 1, the slide can 12 with the approach and then with the feed for processing in the direction shown by arrow 13, and can move in the opposite direction with the return to its original position after the processing stage. Tilters b and 7 can also move from the position shown in figure 1, around a common axis 14 in the direction shown by arrows 15 and 16; at the same time, their sides 10 and 11 move to a horizontal position and, of course, the possibility of reverse movement with their installation in a vertical position is provided. In the position shown in FIG. 1, there is a lateral movement in order to change the multi-spindle heads 5, with this movement the multi-spindle head 5, located in the middle from the front side 9 of the headstock 1, should move in the direction shown by arrow 8, to the tilter 7, which is not filled. At the same time, the new multi-spindle head 5 should be on the side of the tilter 6. Therefore, it turns out to be necessary to simultaneously ensure the movement in the horizontal plane of the two multi-spindle heads 5 and their exact direction during this movement.
    to
    For this purpose, each multi-spindle head 5 is mounted on a support base (plate) 17 (see FIG. 2). The lower edge of the support base 17 comprises a lower horizontal guide 18 with a bracket 19, as shown in FIG. 2. A slit 20 is made on each bracket (see Fig. 3). Two brackets 19 interact with two vertical leads 21 of the cylinder 22 of the head movement mechanism 5.
    The mechanism for moving the heads 5 is a two-sided hydraulic cylinder, on the rods 23 of which the carriages 24 are fixed with leads 21 movable along the guides 25.
    mounted on: tilters 6: 5 equipped with 55
    As shown in FIG. 3, two leads 21 connected to each other by means of carriages 24 and rods 23 are at a distance from each other, which exactly corresponds to the distance between the slots 20 of the brackets 19 and the stroke of the cylinder.
    The staples 19 are connected to the inlet 21 when the tilter 6 is rotated in the opposite direction to arrow 15. From this moment, the cylinder 22 performs a full stroke up to the position indicated by the dotted line in FIG. 3, and as a result of this, by determining the dimensions of the strokes and the distances between the brackets, the new head 5 is brought to the central position, and the head that has just stopped processing is transferred to the left taper to the tilter 7. After the cylinder 22 has been moved, the headstock 1 resumes movement on giving, then working movement with movement of the corresponding spindle head. The return movement of the cylinder 22 to the inoperative position can be freely carried out during the beginning of the treatment cycle, without installing a special mechanism for folding the leashes 21.
    .Moving multi-spindle heads 5 in the indicated direction occurs' along the rollers 26,; spindle head 1 and 7, for which the head of the ruling 18.
    The rollers 26 are free to their axes and are mounted on the eccentric axes 27 rotating at the base of the headstock 1. The rollers 26 can be rotated all at the same time by a certain angle by means of levers 28 mounted on their rear end, and by means of a connecting rod 29 forming with these leverage multilateral parallelogram. The whole complex is driven into rotation by means of a cylinder (not shown in FIG.), Which transmits force by means of a connecting rod 30 to the upper end of one of the levers 28 made double. The operation of this cylinder causes all of the rollers 26 to fall below the normal rolling level.
    The supporting base 17 (see Fig. 2) also contains an upper guide 31, interacting with the rollers 32 with a vertical axis of rotation.
    The machine additionally includes a set of auxiliary devices that provide the functions of horizontal and vertical centering, securing and connecting each multi-spindle head to the headstock 1. Horizontal centering is performed by means of a pin 33, which moves freely in the headstock from the drive 34, the end of which is mounted on
    49, providing electrical and hydraulic connections. This unit interacts with the connecting device at the stationary location of the headstock 1, moving by means of a cylinder to ensure connection and disconnection.
    When moving the multi-spindle heads in the direction of transverse movement indicated by arrow 8, the two heads under consideration opposite each other move simultaneously under the influence of two carts 21 connected to each other, so that the possibility of any 15 shocks or impacts of two multi-spindle heads against each other. In addition, when moving the multi-spindle heads 5 in a closed annular magazine 4, they are located 2Q with their tools in the upper part (see Fig. 4), while the tools are also protected from impacts regardless of their dimensions. With this movement, each supporting base 17 moves with rolling on the side rollers 50 of the magazine 4. In the upper part of each supporting base 17 (see Fig. 2), elastic stops 51 are provided in order to prevent possible shocks and bumps between different supporting plates.
    It should also be noted that in order to reduce the dimensions of the device, the upper guide 31 is made of two segments in order to provide a space between them for the part 36 with a rectangular groove 35 for centering the pin.
    All functions, namely, drive and guiding during lateral movement, are provided by implementing the present invention using very simple means, providing обеспечива 5 the possibility of perpendicular movements in a horizontal position without additional complication.
    The machine according to the embodiment shown in FIG. 5, additionally 50 includes a stand 52, equipped with vertical rails 53 with a mechanical device 54, providing vertical movement of the spindle head 1 or for different positioning of different heads in relation to the workpiece, or for performing a vertical feed movement, for example, when performing various milling or re-counting operations . A quick return stroke to the initial 60 position of the spindle. The backup 1 is carried out by means of a synchronous drive of the reverse vertical feed and reverse horizontal feed units. Therefore eliminated
    6 · 5 extra dead time. The bezier of the pin is made in the form of a prismatic surface with vertical generators and a trapezoidal horizontal section, which should enter a rectangular groove 35 having an appropriate shape and cut into a part 36 connected to the base plate 17.
    After installing the multi-spindle head 5 in the appropriate position on the headstock 1 by means of the corresponding lead 21 and the role (pin 26, the pin 33 is activated, which installs the multi-spindle head with great precision on the headstock 1 in the horizontal direction. Then a cylinder, not shown in the figure , triggers the levers 28 and lowering the rollers 26, which allows the supporting surfaces 37 of the multi-spindle head 5 to be installed on the respective supporting bases 38 connected to the spindle with the headstock 1 to ensure accurate vertical positioning.After that, the set of the base plate 17 of the head 5 is fixed to the spindle head 1 using the clamping heads 39, each of which is activated from the cylinder 40 and interacts with the engaging parts 41 located exactly in four corners of the base plate 17 with a groove open in two horizontal directions, allowing the passage of the head 39 and the cylinder rod 40. Connection of the headstock 1 with the multi-spindle head 5 for transmitting the main driving force is carried out by conjugated cam means, one of which 42 is connected to the shaft 43 with a keyway sliding in the drive shaft 44 of the headstock, and the other 45 is connected to the input shaft 46 of the multi-spindle head. To ensure the engagement of the teeth of the cam means and their detachment to horizontal movement, the shaft 43 moves axially by means of a fork 47, which is activated by the action of the cylinder 48.
    Thus, all of these auxiliary means protrude simultaneously from the rear side of the support base 17 and from the front side 9 of the headstock 1 and are installed so that the supply of each multi-spindle head to the tilter 6 in a horizontal position and the departure of the other multi-spindle head to the tilter 7, also in horizontal position, can be carried out completely freely without installing any additional folding mechanism. As shown in FIG. 3, from the edge of the upper edge of each support base 17 of the spindle head 5, a connecting block is provided, the advantages laid down above are retained.
    In another embodiment shown in FIG. 6, the entire complex shown in FIG. 5, connected to the base 55, can also move on the transverse fixed guide rails 56 under the influence of the corresponding mechanism so as to still provide the possibility of lateral movement of the headstock. In this case, the change of heads can be carried out regardless of the position of the movable base 55 on the transverse slide 56. However, the movements of the movable support, which are necessary for processing operations of the upcoming cycle, can be performed from the moment of quick reverse stroke of the headstock, therefore, without additional costs for dead time. .
    The proposed machine operates in a sequence of programmed multi-purpose operations, similar to the operation of a conventional automatic line, but there is a significant difference in that, in this case, the execution of various combined operations is carried out sequentially in time, rather than being performed sequentially in space. The production rhythm of manufacturing parts in this case, if necessary, turns out to be lower due to one working platform, but in terms of productivity, the machine is comparable to automatic lines operating under the same conditions of mass production · with combined operations. The present invention provides the advantage that the time periods for performing various combined operations can have different meanings, in contrast to performing these operations on an automatic line of the usual type, the operation time is necessarily determined by the execution time of the longest operation.
    If the workpieces are to be processed in different Directions, that is, from different sides, then each part can be fixed on a rotary plate with automatic control to eliminate the dead time periods necessary to change the position of the parts.
    It is also possible to eliminate dead time periods corresponding to the installation of workpieces and their removal by means of a mechanism as shown in FIG. 7. Two rotary plates 57 of the same design receive parts that feed from different sides to the headstock depending on the surface to be machined of these parts. Two rotary plates 57 are mounted on a table 58, moving along the transverse guides 59. At the end of the workpiece, the table moves alternately in one or the other direction to bring the new workpiece to the headstock 1 at the same time as changing the heads, to restart the cycle of combined operations. Thus, they have the time to perform various combined operations on various surfaces of the part, for unloading the previous machined part from the machine and installing a new workpiece.
    The described processing module can be used, if desired, in several copies processing the same part or parts moving along a small production line, if it is necessary to increase productivity. For example, when machining a part from two opposite sides, you can use two identical modules installed one opposite the other in order to double the productivity and eliminate overturning of the parts.
    权利要求:
    Claims (2)
    [1]
    The proposed machine (see Fig. 1) contains spindle headstock 1 with a drive 2 of rotation of spindle 3 and a closed tool magazine 4 enclosing the spindle head with guides for moving multi-spindle heads 5. Moving heads 5 occurs on the feed side of the rotator 6 to the side of unloading on the tilter 7 in the direction shown by the arrow 8. Spindle head 1 is shown in the extreme position with a backward shift to the maximum distance in which its forward side 9 is in the same vertical plane ti, as the front sides 10 and 11 tilters 6 and 7 when they are installed in a vertical position. From these positions, spindle head 1 can move on guide rails 12 with approach and beyond, with feed for processing in the direction shown by arrow 13, and can move in the opposite direction with return to its original position after the processing stage. The positioners b and 7 can also move from the position shown in figure 1 around the common axis 14 in the direction shown by arrows 15 and 16f while their sides 10 and 11 are shifted to the horizontal position and, of course, it is possible to reverse their installation in a vertical position. In the position shown in FIG. 1, lateral movement takes place in order to change the multi-spindle heads 5, during which the multi-spindle head 5, located midway from the front side 9 of the headstock 1, must move in the direction shown by arrow 8, to the turner 7 that is not full. At the same time, a new multi-spindle head 5 must be located on the side of the turn-off device 6. Therefore, it is necessary to simultaneously ensure that two multi-spindle heads 5 move in the horizontal plane and their exact direction during this movement. For this purpose, each multi-spindle head 5 is fixed on a base (slab) 17 (see FIG. 2). The lower edge of the support base 17 contains a lower horizontal tensioner 18 with a bracket 19, as shown in Figure 2. On each bracket ( see Fig. 3) a slot 20 is made. Two brackets 19 cooperate with two vertical drivers 21 of a cylinder 22 of a mechanism for displacing heads 5. The mechanism for moving heads 5 is a two-way guide cylinder, on the rods 23 of which there are fixed carriages 24 with drivers 21 moving along guide 25. As shown in Fig. 3 two halves 21, connected to each other by means of carriages 24 and rods 23, one distance apart from each other, which exactly corresponds to the distance between the slots 20 of the staples 19 and the cylinder hog. when turning the tilter 6 in the direction opposite to the arrow 15. From this point onwards, the cylinder 22 performs a full stroke up to the position shown by the dotted line in FIG. 3, and as a result of this, due to the indicated determination of the dimensions of the strokes and the distances between the brackets, the new head 5 is brought to the center position, and the head, which has just stopped processing, is transferred to the left rotation center to the rotator 7. At the end of the movement of the cylinder 22, the spindle head 1 resumed It does not move the problem, then the work movement with the movement of the corresponding spindle head. The returning movement of the cylinder 22 to the inoperative position can be freely carried out during the beginning of the treatment cycle, without installing a special mechanism for tilting the leads 21. The movement of the multi-spindle heads 5 in the indicated direction occurs along the rollers 26 mounted on the headstock 1 and turnbuckles b and 7, for which the heads 5 are provided with a guide 18. The rollers 26 are freely seated on their axes and mounted on eccentric axes 27, rotating at the base of the spindle head 1. The rollers 26 can be rotated of all simultaneously a certain angle by means of levers 28, planted .On their rear end and by means of a connecting rod 29, forming with these levers multilateral parallelogram. The entire complex is driven into rotation by means of a cylinder (not shown in Fig.), Which transmits the force by means of a connecting rod 30 to the upper end of one of the levers 28, which is made dual. Actuation of this cylinder causes all rollers 26 to drop below the normal rolling level. The support base 17 (see Fig. 2) also contains an upper direction 31, cooperating with the rollers 32 with a vertical axis of rotation. The machine additionally includes a set of auxiliary devices providing the functions of horizontal and vertical centering, securing and connecting each multi-spindle head with headstock 1. Horizontal centering is performed by pin 33, freely moving in the headstock from actuator E4, the end of the pin is designed as a prismatic surface with vertical sections to the trapezoidal horizontal section, which should fit into a rectangular groove 35, having a corresponding After installation of the multi-spindle head 5 into the corresponding position on the spindle head 1 by means of an appropriate leash 21 and role (kov 26 the pin 33 is triggered, which with great precision sets the multi-spindle head on the spindle grandma 1 in the horizontal direction. Then the cylinder, not shown in the figure, triggers the levers 28 and lowers the rollers 26, which allows the supporting surfaces 37 of the multi-spindle head 5 to be set on its respective support base 38 connected -co headstock 1 to provide accurate positioning in the direction of locally ver. After that, the set of the support plate 17 of the head 5 is fixed with respect to the spindle head 1 using clamping heads 39, each of which is actuated from the cylinder 40 and interacts with the engaging parts 41 arranged exactly at the four corners of the support plate 17 with a groove made, open in two horizontal directions, providing the possibility of passage of the head 39 and the rod of the cylinder 40. The connection of the spindle head 1 with the multi-spindle head 5 for transferring the main driving force is realized by means of Ulachkov means, one of which 42 is connected to the shaft 43 with a keyed connection sliding in the drive shaft 44 of the spindle head, and the other 45 is connected to the input shaft 46 of the multi-spindle head. To ensure the engagement of the cam teeth. means and their disconnection to the horizontal movement of the shaft 43 is moved in the axial direction by means of a plug 47, actuated by the action of the cylinder 48. Thus, all these auxiliary means protrude outwards simultaneously from the front side of the support base 17 and from the front side 9 of the spindle head 1 and are installed so that the supply of each multi-spindle head to the turner 6 in a horizontal position and the waste of another multi-spindle head to the turner 7, also in a horizontal position, can be completely free without any additional tilting mechanism installed. As shown in FIG. 3, a connecting block 49 is provided at the edge of the upper edge of each support base 17 of the spindle head 5, which provides electrical and hydraulic connections. This unit interacts with the connecting device at the stationary location of the spindle head 1, moving through the cylinder to provide connection and disconnection. When moving the multi-spindle heads in the direction of transverse movement indicated by the arrow 8, the two heads facing each other move simultaneously under the influence two leads 21 connected to each other in such a way that it completely eliminates the possibility of any jolts or blows of two multi-spindle x heads of each other. In addition, when moving multi-spindle heads 5 through the closed ring magazine 4, they are positioned with their tools in the upper part (see Fig. 4), while the tools are also protected from impacts, regardless of their size. During this movement, each support base 17 moves with rolling on the side rollers 50 of magazine 4. In the upper part of each support base 17 (see Fig. 2), elastic stops 51 are provided to prevent possible jolts and impacts between different Hm and MH support plates. It should also be noted that in order to reduce the overall dimensions of the device, the upper guide 31 is made of two segments in order to provide between them the space required for the part 36 with a rectangular groove 35 for centering the pin. All functions, namely, driving and guiding during lateral movement are provided by implementing the present invention using very simple means that allow for perpendicular movements in the horizontal position without additional complication. A machine made according to the embodiment shown in FIG. 5 further includes a rack 52 provided with vertical guides 53 with a mechanical device 54 for vertically moving the spindle head 1 or for different positioning of different heads with respect to the workpiece, or for performing a vertical feed movement, for example, when performing various milling operations or razzenkovi . The rapid return to the initial position of the spindle-clip 1 is carried out by means of a synchronous drive of the reverse vertical feed unit and the reverse horizontal feed. Therefore, the extra dead time is eliminated. All the above advantages are retained. In another embodiment, shown in Fig. 6, the entire complex shown in Fig. 5, coupled to the base 55, may also move on transverse fixed guide rails 56 under the influence of an appropriate mechanism so as to still provide the possibility of lateral movement of the spindle head. In this case, the head shift can be performed regardless of the position of the moving base ININ 55 on the cross slide 56. However, the movements of the mobile support, which are necessary for processing the pre-cycle, can be performed from the moment of the backward movement of the spindle head, therefore , without additional costs for dead time. . The proposed machine operates in a sequence of multi-purpose programmed operations, similar to the operation of a conventional automatic line, but there is a significant difference in that in this case the various combined operations are carried out sequentially in time, instead of being performed sequentially. in space. The production rhythm of parts manufacturing in this case, if necessary, turns out to be lower due to one working platform, but in terms of the level of productivity the machine thus renders. comparable to automatic lines operating under the same serial production conditions with combined operations. The present invention provides the advantage that the time periods for the performance of various combined operations may have different values, in contrast to the performance of these operations on an automatic line of the usual type, the time of operations is necessary. is determined by the execution time of the longest operation. If the machined parts must be machined in different Directions, i.e. from different sides, then each part can be fixed on the rotating plate with automatic control, in order to eliminate dead time periods, which are necessary to change the position of the parts. It is also possible to eliminate periods of measured time corresponding to the installation of the parts being machined and their removal, by means of the implementation of the mechanism, as shown in FIG. 7. The two rotary plates of the 57-identical design receive parts that are fed from different sides to the spindle head, depending on the surface of these parts being machined. Two swivel plates 57 are installed on the table 58, moving in transverse directions with a yugzim 59. After the machining of the part is completed, the table moves alternately in one or the other direction to bring the new workpiece to the spindle head 1 simultaneously with the change of heads to begin the cycle of the combined ones. operations. Thus, there is a time for performing various combined operations on different surfaces of the part to unload the previously machined part from the machine and install the new preform. The described processing module can be used, if desired, in several instances that process the same part or parts that move along a small production line, if it is necessary to increase productivity. For example, when machining a part from two opposite sides, you can use two identical modules installed one opposite the other to ensure double the performance increase and eliminate part turning. Claim 1. Metal-cutting machine with a device for automatic change of multi-spindle heads, containing a closed tool magazine with a movement mechanism, heads and tilting heads located on both sides of the spindle head, characterized in that, in order to control the design of the mechanism of the spindle heads, the spindle head and tilters are equipped with guide rollers for the heads, the mechanism for moving the heads is made in the form of two halves attached to the rod of the power cylinder s, and on the sides of each multispindle head at the level of the guide rollers tilters and headstock fixed bracket with a slot under the leash movement mechanism,
    [2]
    2. The machine according to claim 1, distinguishing and and. so that the guide rollers on the headstock are mounted on eccentric axles with the possibility of movement relative to the axis of the headstock in the PLANE of the displacement of the multi-spindle heads. Sources of information taken into account in the examination 1. US Patent No. 3851380, cl. 29-568, published. 03,12,74.
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    类似技术:
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    同族专利:
    公开号 | 公开日
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    US4168567A|1979-09-25|
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    法律状态:
    优先权:
    申请号 | 申请日 | 专利标题
    FR7626642A|FR2363406B1|1976-09-03|1976-09-03|
    FR7719522A|FR2395106B2|1977-06-24|1977-06-24|
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